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Although the Saar returned to Germany entirely in accordance with the terms of the Treaty of Versailles, many historians regard it as an essential first step on Hitlers Road to War: 1. That the people of the territory would 2 Sarah Wambaugh, The Saar Plebiscite (Cambridge, Mass., 1940), 12, 15, 60-61. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Governing Commission Under the Treaty of Versailles, the highly industrialized Saar Basin, including the Saar Coal District (German: Saarrevier ), was to be occupied and governed by the United Kingdom and France under a League of Nations mandate for a period of fifteen years. A referendum on territorial status was held in the Territory of the Saar Basin on 13 January 1935. amzn_assoc_title = "Recommended Reading"; Hitler's Foreign Policy to 1938 Flashcards | Quizlet There was great support for Nazi foreign policy that sought to overturn the territorial terms of the Treaty of Versailles: Hitler's plans to strengthen Germany and undermine the Treaty of. Following the plebiscite Hitler announced that Germany had no further territorial demands to make of Francea farcical statement as history proved five years later. By By 18 December 1946 customs controls were established between the Saar and allied occupied Germany. 3 What were the results of the Saar plebiscite? You cannot paste images directly. As part of the Treaty of Versailles which gave the Saar to the League of Nations, it stated that there should be a vote or plebiscite to decide who should rule the Saar in the future. Over 90% of voters opted for reunification with Germany, with 9% voting for the status quo as a League of Nations mandate territory and less than 0.5% opting for unification with France. The Saar 1935 | History | tutor2u It should be returned to France. Saarbruecken, Saarland, Germany January13, 1935 On this date in 1935 Germans held a plebiscite in the only part of Germany that remained under foreign occupation following their countrys defeat in World WarIthe Saar region, or Saarland in German. The small Blies and Prims rivers flow into the Saar River. To continue reading this article you will need to purchase access to the online archive. amzn_assoc_ad_mode = "manual"; O n this date in 1935 Germans held a plebiscite in the only part of Germany that remained under foreign occupation following their country's defeat in World War Ithe Saar region, or Saarland in German. Yes, the international force was commanded by the British Major-General Brind and it consisted of 1500 British, 1300 Italian, 250 Dutch and 250 Swedish troops. Over 90% of voters opted for reunification with Germany, with 9% voting for the status quo as a League of Nations mandate territory and less than 0.5% opting for unification with France. You can adjust your cookie settings, otherwise we'll assume you're okay to continue. 1 What did Hitler gain from the Saar plebiscite? Fewer than nine percent voted to retain the status quo, while a third option of joining France received less than one percent of the vote. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. Should be given to France for 15 years, after which the people of the Saar should decide whether to be French or German. Display as a link instead, During the Nazi period it became known as Saar-Palatinate (Saarpfalz) and in 1942 as Westmark (meaning Western Boundary of the Reich; Austria was renamed Ostmark following the 1938 Anschluss, or union with Germany). This ruined Germanys economy, damaged by the war, and led to the hyperinflation of 1923. The Treatys territorial decisions affected Germanys economy. Saar Plebiscite. The Dutch contingent numbered 234 marines and 16 men of the Corps of Transport with their lorries for transportation. treaty of versalles. Its coalfields were also to be ceded to France. A yes or no answer. It does not store any personal data. It should be returned to France. Germany: Weimar Republic & Deutsche Freikorps, I am now accepting the following payment methods: Card Payments, Apple Pay, Google Pay and PayPal. The territorys coalfields were ceded to France. In the meantime, the policies of the Hitler government have aroused misgivings among certain elements in the Saar. World War II early German actions Saarland plebiscite A plebiscite was held on 10 April, . Over 90% of voters opted for reunification with Germany, with 9% voting for the status quo as a League of Nations mandate territory and less than 0.5% opting for unification with France. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Saar Plebiscite Territory - A Brief History - Stamp Collecting World In January 1935, the population of the Saar coalfield, separated from Germany by the post-war treaties, were allowed a plebiscite and showed that over 90 per cent of the population wanted to reunite with Germany. Your link has been automatically embedded. What are some examples of how providers can receive incentives? Granted special privileges during the 15 years of League administration provided by the Treaty of Versailles, France hoped to be able to induce the people of the Saar to cast their lot permanently with her at the end of that period. These communists and social democrats formed a 'united front' campaigning to remain within under the League of Nations. According to the treaty, all persons without distinction of sex or nationality, more than 20 years old and resident in the Saar Territory on June 28, 1919 . PDF The German Roman Catholic Hierarchy and the Saar Plebiscite of 1935 - JSTOR History: Saar Plebiscite Flashcards | Quizlet The loss of the Saar reduced Germanys industrial strength. Click the card to flip Definition 1 / 57 - To make Germany into a great power again- To overturn the Treaty of Versailles. the Saar to the fatherland, and no effort was spared to bring about this result. Recently the League Saar commission asked the League for permission to . . The Saar was a small heavily ibdustrialized Rgineland territory in western Germany adjacent to Luxenbourg. Saarland | German State, History, Culture & Cuisine | Britannica Saar Protectorate - Wikipedia Good answers were characterised by the (May 2020) Click for important translation instructions. The Saar Plebiscite Territory, also known over the years as Saargebiet (1920-1935) and Saarland (1947-1957), did not exist as an independent entity before 1919. How did France benefit from the Saar region according to the Treaty of Versailles? PDF Causes and Consequences of the Plebiscite in the Saar - JSTOR amzn_assoc_region = "US"; Their asylum ended, many Saarland refugees began heading for England. It is bounded by France on the south, Luxembourg in the west, and the German Rhineland-Palatinate on the north and east. Versailles Agenda Issue- What should happen to the Saar? The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". What was the significance of the Saar plebiscite? - To unite all German speakers under his rule (Gross Deutschland)- To gain territory in the East providing 'lebensraum' (livingspace) for German people Click the card to flip But while some persons in France therefore think there is a possibility that the Saarlanders may at least elect to remain under the League of Nations, unbiased observers still hold to the view that Germany will gain an easy, if not. - It helped Hitler begin to unite German speakers in Europe - It shows how Hitler was able to manipulate the Treat of Versailles . The plebiscite was significant as it provided Hitler an excellent propaganda victory in justifying his actions in uniting all German-speaking people. (b) There were mixed responses to this question. alsace-lorraine from germany after world war one and they gained with a population of about 800,000 people in 1933. Why was the Saar land important to Germany? You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Study guides World War 1 18 cards What is an armistice What was the effect of the sedition act of 1918 What hindered trade between Germany and the United states in 1915 What caused us opinion to be. If you have an account, sign in now to post with your account. - It helped Hitler begin to unite German speakers in Europe - It shows how Hitler was able to manipulate the Treat of Versailles - Because of it, many people began to believe that the Treaty of Versailles was unfair Plebiscite Puzzle in the Saar - JSTOR 1935 Saarland Plebiscite Returns Region to Nazi Germany - World War II $65.00 54.95 60.00 . In 1920 Saarland was occupied by Great Britain and France, first under the provisions of the 1919 Treaty of Versailles, then under the terms of a 15-yearlong League of Nations mandate. The wealth of its coal deposits and their large-scale industrial exploitation, coupled with its location on the border between France and Germany (see map), made for Saarlands unique history. This was significant as the Saar region was a major source of Germanys coal. Report Outline League Regime and Preparations for Plebiscite The photo shows the counters at work as the ballots began arriving from various communities. Does any of you gents have an idea of the story behind this unofficial commemorative medal? The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". The Appendix presents a . Why is the Saar plebiscite important? 15 years Gave everyone a barrier. 1935. This vote took place on January 13, 1935. The first task was the compiling of the voting lists. Inhabitants of the Saar Basin, third richest coal-producing region on the Continent of Europe, will cast their votes on January 13, 1935, to determine whether the territory shall be reunited with Germany, joined to France, or continue to be administered by the League of Nations as a quasi-independent state. 4 What was the Saar plebiscite BBC Bitesize? The Saarland Plebiscite Medal shows soldiers of the Netherlands, Sweden, England and Italy, who oversaw the plebiscite and return of the Saar to Germany; the reverse depicts a hand dropping a ballot into a box and Volksabstimmung Saargebiet/13 Jan 1935. The semicircular inscription reads: Help free the German Saar. Right: First-day issue (January 16, 1935) three days after the Saar plebiscite. In a plebiscite (referendum) held in 1935 the Saar (Saarland) the overwhelming majority of electors (over 90%) voted to rejoin Germany. Although the Saar returned to Germany entirely in accordance with the terms of the Treaty of Versailles, many historians regard it as an essential 'first step' on Hitler's Road to War: 1. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. BBC - History - World Wars: Versailles and Peacemaking Why the Nazis were able to stay in power - BBC - Home Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Why was the Saar important for Germany?, What was the saar rich in?, How long was the saar controlled by the LoN? Its location on the border between France and Germany has given Saar a unique history. What does F T J 10K mean when engraved in the band of a ring. Upload or insert images from URL. Powered by Invision Community. Sarah Wambaugh. France aimed at winning over the Saar population for a future annexation. More than 90 percent of the voters favored the immediate reintegration of the Saar into Germany, The Saar after the Plebiscite - JSTOR Miss Wambaugh was a member of the Plebiscite Commission and her account of the vote and its background is the best available. Perhaps it's a creation of the League of Nations.